Executive Summary
The idea of privacy by design was developed to counter the systemic implications of large-scale networked data systems and the systemic growth of information and communication technologies. The original ideas behind “Privacy by Design” were put forth in the 1970s, and the RL 95/46/EC data protection directive was created in the 1990s. The fundamental idea behind data protection legislative frameworks is privacy-by-design. An approach to data privacy places an emphasis on proactively incorporating privacy into the design requirements of information technology systems and processes. The fundamental tenets of Privacy by Design call for user control, data reduction, security, and privacy as the default setting delivering clear privacy notifications and transparent data practices.
Introduction
Digital identification systems linked to civil registration can make a big difference in several development sectors, including financial inclusion, extending access to services and social safety nets, and effective humanitarian response. Personal data collection, analysis, and management exposes one set of vulnerabilities and creates substantial privacy challenges. At the same time, digital identity systems can create opportunities by making it easier to access and share personal data while preserving privacy.
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